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…The prosecution claimed that they had robbed one John Bwana Opundo of cash Kshs 6000. According to the prosecution, the complainant arrived from Bondo with a view to do some shopping in Kisumu. He has a shop there.…

…He held that the prosecution’s version of the matter was the side of truth and that the appellant and his confederates indeed robbed the complainant of his money.…

…The complaint advanced on behalf of the appellant as we understood it is that the prosecution acted unfairly in adducing the medical evidence upon which the High Court adjudged that the appellant was mentally sick at the…

…The prosecution was required to prove intent and the nature of things the prosecution properly decided that it had become necessary to satisfy the court that the appellant was insane at the time he killed.…

…There are, however, other aspects of the case for the prosecution which we must consider.…

…Inspector David Wangombe who investigated the murder also gave evidence for the prosecution which has some unusual features.…

…The case for the prosecution was that the complainant Philomena Wambui (PW 1) was travelling home in a matatu when the appellant snatched her handbag, wrist-watch and Kshs 2,150 cash.…

…The learned trial magistrate found the evidence of PW 1 and PW 2 truthful and found that the prosecution had proved its case to the degree required. He accordingly convicted the appellant as charged.…

…The case for the prosecution was that the complainant Philomena Wambui (PW 1) was travelling home in a matatu when the appellant snatched her handbag, wrist-watch and Kshs 2,150 cash.…

…The learned trial magistrate found the evidence of PW 1 and PW 2 truthful and found that the prosecution had proved its case to the degree required. He accordingly convicted the appellant as charged.…

…Criminal Law – false pretence – charge of procuring registration of land by false pretences - Penal Code (cap 63) section 320 - whether prosecution for the offence can be brought after lapse of a long time – section 219 Criminal…

…The appellant’s main ground of appeal was that neither the trial magistrate nor the learned first appellate judge gave any or adequate consideration to the discrepancies and conflicts in the evidence of the several prosecution…

…The learned Judge sat with three assessors and he heard all the eleven witnesses called by the prosecution in support of its case. After listening to the submissions of the appellant’s then advocate Mr.…

…No summing-up notes were available on the record and the incoming Judge deprived the appellant and of course himself of the opinion of the two assessors who had at least seen and heard the prosecution witnesses and the appellant…

…B.Ombewa) found that the prosecution had provided its case with sufficient and reliable evidence to convict the appellant with the offence of defilement.…

…which evidence did not prove the prosecution’s case beyond reasonable grounds; and in upholding a sentence which was excessive.…

…The trial magistrate after outlining the evidence of the prosecution witness as stated that he believed their evidence but gave no reason for believing it apart from saying that they had nor reason for lying.…

…It was after the trial magistrate had considered and decided on the prosecution evidence, that he rejected the defences as false, again without giving any reasons.…

…iii) of the Act provides as follows: “185(d)(iii) Any person who acquires, has in his possession, …, any goods which he knows, or ought reasonably to have known to be uncustomed goods, shall be guilty of an offence …” The prosecution…

…The two lower courts found that the appellant was in possession of the goods on his own admission, and the prosecution proved that the goods in question were dutiable.…

…The trial magistrate after outlining the evidence of the prosecution witness as stated that he believed their evidence but gave no reason for believing it apart from saying that they had nor reason for lying.…

…It was after the trial magistrate had considered and decided on the prosecution evidence, that he rejected the defences as false, again without giving any reasons.…

…In any case where an indictment contains substantive counts and a related conspiracy count, the judge should require the prosecution to justify the joinder, or failing justification, to elect whether to proceed on the substantive…

…The magistrate in that case had called upon the prosecution to justify or elect. That is the order that should have been made in this case.…

…This point, however has not been taken in the appellant’s memorandum of appeal, neither, in our view, could it be, as it did not form part of the prosecution case but was volunteered from the dock by the appellant.…

…He also submitted that the prosecution evidence as to where the children’s shoes, Exhibit 77, were found was contradictory.…

…He confirmed his plea by accepting as true the facts narrated by the prosecution.…

…APPELLANT VERSUS REPUBLIC……………RESPONDENT (Appeal from a conviction and sentence of the High Court of Kenya at Nakuru (Lady Justice R Nambuye) dated 26th November, 1992 in HC CR A No 387 of 1992) JUDGMENT The entire case for the prosecution…

…There was nothing wrong in the appellant having in his possession Kshs 18,000 and he did not have to explain how he came to be in possession of that sum of money, especially as the prosecution had not established that the…

…The prosecution never established the circumstances from which the conclusion of guilt could be drawn and in the absence of establishing such facts there could not be a hypothesis of guilt of the appellant.…

…That is simply not good enough to establish an essential of the offence, and may, indeed, provide the reason why the prosecution elected to proceed on a charge of rape.…

…The appellant however has taken the prosecution witnesses to task. He has pointed out carefully some discrepancies in their evidence.…

…Their petitions of appeal, filed on the July 23, 1984, each contained lengthy grounds, but in particular attacked their respective identifications by the prosecution witnesses, upon which of course, their convictions mainly…