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…The trial Magistrate and the Judge erred in failing to hold that the prosecution had failed to dislodge the appellant’s cross-examination by the prosecution.…

…On the 4th October 1985, shortly before the prosecution put its show on the road, Mr Sereje who appeared for the defence before the trial Magistrate and before us gave the prosecution notice that the appellant’s case was…

…The prosecution claimed that they had robbed one John Bwana Opundo of cash Kshs 6000. According to the prosecution, the complainant arrived from Bondo with a view to do some shopping in Kisumu. He has a shop there.…

…He held that the prosecution’s version of the matter was the side of truth and that the appellant and his confederates indeed robbed the complainant of his money.…

…B.Ombewa) found that the prosecution had provided its case with sufficient and reliable evidence to convict the appellant with the offence of defilement.…

…which evidence did not prove the prosecution’s case beyond reasonable grounds; and in upholding a sentence which was excessive.…

…The Court took the view that the prosecution’s failure to call those two suspects as witnesses raised the inevitable presumption that had they been called they would have given evidence unfavourable to the prosecution’s case…

…This raised the inevitable presumption that witnesses if called would have given unfavourable evidence against the prosecution. This failure on the part of the prosecution was fatal to the conviction.…

…Criminal Law – false pretence – charge of procuring registration of land by false pretences - Penal Code (cap 63) section 320 - whether prosecution for the offence can be brought after lapse of a long time – section 219 Criminal…

…The appellant’s main ground of appeal was that neither the trial magistrate nor the learned first appellate judge gave any or adequate consideration to the discrepancies and conflicts in the evidence of the several prosecution…

…The learned Judge sat with three assessors and he heard all the eleven witnesses called by the prosecution in support of its case. After listening to the submissions of the appellant’s then advocate Mr.…

…No summing-up notes were available on the record and the incoming Judge deprived the appellant and of course himself of the opinion of the two assessors who had at least seen and heard the prosecution witnesses and the appellant…

…Mr Prinja, in arguing grounds 5 and 6 of his appeal, alleged that the judge had considered the cases of the prosecution and of the defence in isolation to each other and had first accepted the evidence adduced by the prosecution…

…The learned judge set out the case for both the prosecution and the defence in some detail.…

…iii) of the Act provides as follows: “185(d)(iii) Any person who acquires, has in his possession, …, any goods which he knows, or ought reasonably to have known to be uncustomed goods, shall be guilty of an offence …” The prosecution…

…The two lower courts found that the appellant was in possession of the goods on his own admission, and the prosecution proved that the goods in question were dutiable.…

…The trial magistrate after outlining the evidence of the prosecution witness as stated that he believed their evidence but gave no reason for believing it apart from saying that they had nor reason for lying.…

…It was after the trial magistrate had considered and decided on the prosecution evidence, that he rejected the defences as false, again without giving any reasons.…

…The trial magistrate after outlining the evidence of the prosecution witness as stated that he believed their evidence but gave no reason for believing it apart from saying that they had nor reason for lying.…

…It was after the trial magistrate had considered and decided on the prosecution evidence, that he rejected the defences as false, again without giving any reasons.…

…Both the trial court and the superior court had believed and accepted the evidence of the complainant and the rest of the prosecution witnesses and had rejected the appellant’s version of the incident.…

…The evidence of the sole prosecution witnesses to the incident, that is the evidence of the complainant, was fully corroborated by that of the other four Tanzanians who had contributed to the sum that was brought by the complainant…

…At the close of the prosecution case the appellant’s advocate told the court that the defence would be an alibi. The appellant made an unsworn statement in court.…

…Halima was called to testify for the prosecution. She was declared a hostile witness.…

…Where, however, the prosecution desires to include the other limbs of the offence of handling, the following further count should be added.”…

…Perhaps the learned magistrate thought better of relying on an alternative verdict different from the alternative chosen by the prosecution.…

…This point, however has not been taken in the appellant’s memorandum of appeal, neither, in our view, could it be, as it did not form part of the prosecution case but was volunteered from the dock by the appellant.…

…He also submitted that the prosecution evidence as to where the children’s shoes, Exhibit 77, were found was contradictory.…

…It appears that the prosecution accepted a plea to manslaughter contrary to section 205 of the Penal Code, that is that he unlawfully killed the deceased.…

…He confirmed his plea by accepting as true the facts narrated by the prosecution.…

…That being the case, in the present case, on the basis of Section 28(b) of the Evidence Act, the material statements ought to have been excluded in the consideration whether or not the prosecution had proved the case against…

…Their petitions of appeal, filed on the July 23, 1984, each contained lengthy grounds, but in particular attacked their respective identifications by the prosecution witnesses, upon which of course, their convictions mainly…

…who appeared for both appellants directed our attention to three matters: 1. whether the evidence of identification of the appellants was free from the possibility of error; 2. whether the discrepancies in the evidence of prosecution…