Introduction
1. Before Court is the Claimant’s Amended Memorandum of Claim dated 9th July, 2019, seeking a declaratory order to compel the Respondents to settle the decree arising from a judgment delivered on 23rd May, 2014 in Nakuru ELRC Cause No. 161 of 2013.
2. The 1st Respondent entered appearance on 3rd November 2022, and 2nd Respondent equally filed their memorandum of appearance on 18th November, 2022. The Respondents then proceeded to lodge their respective responses to the statement of claim within the same month.
3. A Notice of Preliminary Objection dated 21st November, 2022, seeking to strike out the suit was dismissed vide a ruling rendered on 16th February, 2023.
4. Both the Claimant’s and the Respondents’ cases were heard on 24th April, 2023. The Claimant adopted his witness statement and produced documents filed in support of his case. Similarly, one Richard Kosgei testified on behalf of the 1st Respondent. He adopted his witness statement and produced documents filed in support of the Respondent’s case.
5. The Claimant and the 1st Respondent filed submissions in the matter. The 2nd Respondent did not.
The Claimant’s Case
6. The Claimant’s case is that he was an employee of the Rift Valley Railways (now defunct) and that judgment was entered in his favour in Nakuru ELRC Cause No. 161 of 2013, on 23rd May, 2014.
7. It is his case that vide the judgment referred to above, he was awarded a sum of Kshs. 1,093,029.34, and that the Court further ordered that failure to pay the amount would attract interest until payment in full.
8. He avers that the Rift Valley Railways appealed against the judgment, and which appeal was dismissed on 1st November, 2017 for non-attendance of the Appellant.
9. The Claimant states that the Rift Valley Railways(RVR) was liquidated and taken over by Kenya Railways Corporation (KRC). It is his further case that he is in Court to seek orders to compel the Respondents to pay him his dues, as the amount has since not been settled in the pretext that the 1st Respondent is not liable for the liabilities of the Rift Valley Railways.
10. The Claimant states that vide a concession agreement entered between his former employer (Rift Valley Railways) and the 1st Respondent, the 1st Respondent is responsible to honour the judgment of the Court.
11. It is his prayer that the Court allows his claim as prayed.
The 1st Respondent’s Case.
12. The 1st Respondent’s case is that the Claimant was employed by the now defunct Rift Valley Railways. It is the 1st Respondent’s further case that it was not a party to the suit giving rise to the judgment subject of this suit.
13. It is the Respondent’s further case that though the Claimant sued the Rift Valley Railways when the concession agreement was still in force, the agreement carried a provision to the effect that the Rift Valley Railways was to meet all liabilities, and which agreement was not varied at any point as to shift the liability to it.
14. The Respondent avers that it did not participate in the Claimant’s disciplinary case, and neither was it a party to the suit giving rise to the decree subject of this case.
15. On cross examination, Mr. Richard Kosgei (RW1), testifying for the 1st Respondent told Court that the 1st Respondent was not liable to settle any liabilities upon expiry of the concession agreement. It is his further position that the 1st Respondent did not inherit any liabilities from the defunct Rift Valley Railways, but that it only inherited assets.
16. RW1 further told Court that there was no other agreement between Rift Valley Railways and the 1st Respondent, other than the concession agreement which terminated in July, 2017. It is his further assertion that the appeal was determined after the expiry of the concession agreement.
17. It is its prayer that the suit be dismissed with costs.
The Claimant’s Submissions
18. It is submitted for the Claimant that the suit herein is not one for execution for reason that the 1st Respondent has denied liability, and hence the Court has to try the issue on whether the Respondents are liable to pay. It is the Claimant’s submission that the suit herein is not defective only by reason that he did file a declaratory suit, and not judicial review proceedings.
19. It is submitted that the 1st Respondent was at the center of the concession agreement and cannot now be allowed to run away from it.
20. The Claimant further submitted that the 1st Respondent signed the concession agreement on behalf of the Kenyan Government, and that the Court already ruled in Rift Valley Railways Workers Union Vs. Rift Valley Railways K Limited (2018)eKLR that Kenya Railways Corporation having signed the concession agreement, bears the responsibility to pay the workers of Rift Valley Railways.
21. It is submitted that the 1st Respondent presented itself to the public as having taken over the assets and liabilities of the defunct Rift Valley Railways and therefore has a duty to pay for any debts that arise in the course of their dealings, and that it is estopped from denying this position.
The 1st Respondents Submissions
22. It is submitted for the 1st Respondent that it was not involved in any employment issues regarding the Claimant owing to the terms established in the concession agreement.
23. It is the 1st Respondent’s submission that it is not obligated to settle the decretal sum as sought by the Claimant on the premise that clause D2 of the concession agreement, stipulated that the 1st Respondent shall not incur liability for any employment related payment involving RVR staff.
24. It is the 1st Respondent’s submission that the language of the judgment was clear on the settlement of the decretal sum, and that in the absence of further orders reviewing the payment timelines from July, 2014, the expiry date cannot be in 2017.
25. It is the Respondent’s submission that it was neither party to the disciplinary proceedings nor the suit resulting in the award subject of this suit.
26. The 1st Respondent submits that the Claimant is inviting this Court to reopen the judgment rendered in Nakuru ELRC No. 161 of 2013, when the Court is already functus officio on the matter. It placed reliance in Geoffrey M. Asanyo & 3 Others v. Attorney General (2020) eKLR to support this position, and invites the court to find that it is not contractually bound to settle the decretal sum herein.
27. The 1st Respondent prays that the Claimant’s claim be dismissed with costs.
Analysis and Determination
28. I have considered the pleadings herein, the witnesses’ oral testimonies and the rival submissions. The singular issue for determination is whether the Respondents are bound to settle the decretal sum of Kshs. 1,093,029.34/- awarded in Nakuru Industrial Cause No. 161 of 2013, together with the accruing interests and costs.
29. It is not disputed that the Claimant was an employee of the Rift Valley Railways (RVR). It is equally agreed that the issues subject of his dismissal arose while in the service of the RVR, was taken through disciplinary process by the RVR, terminated and was party to Nakuru ELRC No. 161 of 2013 with the RVR and not the 1st Respondent.
30. The record confirms that there was indeed a concession agreement entered between the 1st Respondent and the Rift Valley Railways.
31. The provisions of the concession agreement relevant to this claim are clauses D2, M.9(10), which state thus:
“D2 Maintaining Concessionaire Employees
Other than arrangements to share the cost of retrenchment packages of transferred employees in certain circumstances stipulated in Section D.4.2 the concessionaire shall be fully responsible for paying the emoluments of all employees and for expenses associated therewith and KRC shall not incur any liability for any such employee related payment or occurrence.”
M.9 Expiry Date
On the expiry date the transfer and/or disposal of property, contracts and obligations, debts and responsibility of KRC and the concessionaire shall be as follows: -
(f) employee contracts entered into by the concessionaire shall be the responsibility of the concessionaire.”
32. The Concession Agreement referred to herein, was terminated on 21st July 2017. The judgment and subsequent decree subject of this suit was pronounced on 23rd May, 2014, and the appeal filed by RVR against the judgment, was dismissed for non-attendance on 1st November, 2017.
33. The 1st Respondent objection to settling the decretal sum is premised on the assertion that the judgment was delivered in 2014, and which judgment expressly indicated that RVR was to pay the amount of the decree by 1st July, 2014. The 1st Respondent further opposed the claim on the premise that all liabilities were a responsibility of the RVR/Concessionaire.
34. There can certainly not be a wrong without a remedy. The Claimant holds a decree in his favour, and which I believe someone somewhere must be held responsible to make good. The Attorney General, though enjoined as a party to this suit, failed, neglected and/or declined to defend the suit on behalf of the Government of Kenya.
35. The same office must have been at the center of the dissolution of the RVR which was a public entity. For this reason, the participation of the Attorney General in the suit, would have assisted this court unravel where to place such liability when parties by design had resolved to take it away from the successor of the RVR, and not providing for how or where such debts/liabilities should lie.
36. There is no indication that the judgment/decree herein, was stayed during the pendency of the appeal before the Court of Appeal. It thus follows that the amount of the decree was a liability available for settlement even during the life of the concession agreement.
37. Further, the 1st Respondent has not led any evidence to show that it issued notice to creditors of the RVR before the termination of the Concession agreement, and nor was the concession agreement published for the information of persons affected or claiming as against the RVR.
38. In the premise, I find and hold that the 1st and 2nd Respondents are jointly and severally liable to settle the decree in Nakuru Industrial Cause No. 161 of 2013.
39. The Respondents shall likewise jointly and severally bear the costs of this suit.
40. Judgment of the court.
SIGNED, DATED AND DELIVERED BY VIDEO-LINK AND IN COURT AT KISUMU THIS 27TH DAY OF JULY, 2023.
C. N. BAARI
JUDGE
Appearance:
Mr. Omondi T present for the Claimant
Ms. Moraa Present for the 1st Respondent
N/A for the 2nd Respondent
Christine Omollo- C/A
1. Before Court is the Claimant’s Amended Memorandum of Claim dated 9th July, 2019, seeking a declaratory order to compel the Respondents to settle the decree arising from a judgment delivered on 23rd May, 2014 in Nakuru ELRC Cause No. 161 of 2013.
2. The 1st Respondent entered appearance on 3rd November 2022, and 2nd Respondent equally filed their memorandum of appearance on 18th November, 2022. The Respondents then proceeded to lodge their respective responses to the statement of claim within the same month.
3. A Notice of Preliminary Objection dated 21st November, 2022, seeking to strike out the suit was dismissed vide a ruling rendered on 16th February, 2023.
4. Both the Claimant’s and the Respondents’ cases were heard on 24th April, 2023. The Claimant adopted his witness statement and produced documents filed in support of his case. Similarly, one Richard Kosgei testified on behalf of the 1st Respondent. He adopted his witness statement and produced documents filed in support of the Respondent’s case.
5. The Claimant and the 1st Respondent filed submissions in the matter. The 2nd Respondent did not.
The Claimant’s Case
6. The Claimant’s case is that he was an employee of the Rift Valley Railways (now defunct) and that judgment was entered in his favour in Nakuru ELRC Cause No. 161 of 2013, on 23rd May, 2014.
7. It is his case that vide the judgment referred to above, he was awarded a sum of Kshs. 1,093,029.34, and that the Court further ordered that failure to pay the amount would attract interest until payment in full.
8. He avers that the Rift Valley Railways appealed against the judgment, and which appeal was dismissed on 1st November, 2017 for non-attendance of the Appellant.
9. The Claimant states that the Rift Valley Railways(RVR) was liquidated and taken over by Kenya Railways Corporation (KRC). It is his further case that he is in Court to seek orders to compel the Respondents to pay him his dues, as the amount has since not been settled in the pretext that the 1st Respondent is not liable for the liabilities of the Rift Valley Railways.
10. The Claimant states that vide a concession agreement entered between his former employer (Rift Valley Railways) and the 1st Respondent, the 1st Respondent is responsible to honour the judgment of the Court.
11. It is his prayer that the Court allows his claim as prayed.
The 1st Respondent’s Case.
12. The 1st Respondent’s case is that the Claimant was employed by the now defunct Rift Valley Railways. It is the 1st Respondent’s further case that it was not a party to the suit giving rise to the judgment subject of this suit.
13. It is the Respondent’s further case that though the Claimant sued the Rift Valley Railways when the concession agreement was still in force, the agreement carried a provision to the effect that the Rift Valley Railways was to meet all liabilities, and which agreement was not varied at any point as to shift the liability to it.
14. The Respondent avers that it did not participate in the Claimant’s disciplinary case, and neither was it a party to the suit giving rise to the decree subject of this case.
15. On cross examination, Mr. Richard Kosgei (RW1), testifying for the 1st Respondent told Court that the 1st Respondent was not liable to settle any liabilities upon expiry of the concession agreement. It is his further position that the 1st Respondent did not inherit any liabilities from the defunct Rift Valley Railways, but that it only inherited assets.
16. RW1 further told Court that there was no other agreement between Rift Valley Railways and the 1st Respondent, other than the concession agreement which terminated in July, 2017. It is his further assertion that the appeal was determined after the expiry of the concession agreement.
17. It is its prayer that the suit be dismissed with costs.
The Claimant’s Submissions
18. It is submitted for the Claimant that the suit herein is not one for execution for reason that the 1st Respondent has denied liability, and hence the Court has to try the issue on whether the Respondents are liable to pay. It is the Claimant’s submission that the suit herein is not defective only by reason that he did file a declaratory suit, and not judicial review proceedings.
19. It is submitted that the 1st Respondent was at the center of the concession agreement and cannot now be allowed to run away from it.
20. The Claimant further submitted that the 1st Respondent signed the concession agreement on behalf of the Kenyan Government, and that the Court already ruled in Rift Valley Railways Workers Union Vs. Rift Valley Railways K Limited (2018)eKLR that Kenya Railways Corporation having signed the concession agreement, bears the responsibility to pay the workers of Rift Valley Railways.
21. It is submitted that the 1st Respondent presented itself to the public as having taken over the assets and liabilities of the defunct Rift Valley Railways and therefore has a duty to pay for any debts that arise in the course of their dealings, and that it is estopped from denying this position.
The 1st Respondents Submissions
22. It is submitted for the 1st Respondent that it was not involved in any employment issues regarding the Claimant owing to the terms established in the concession agreement.
23. It is the 1st Respondent’s submission that it is not obligated to settle the decretal sum as sought by the Claimant on the premise that clause D2 of the concession agreement, stipulated that the 1st Respondent shall not incur liability for any employment related payment involving RVR staff.
24. It is the 1st Respondent’s submission that the language of the judgment was clear on the settlement of the decretal sum, and that in the absence of further orders reviewing the payment timelines from July, 2014, the expiry date cannot be in 2017.
25. It is the Respondent’s submission that it was neither party to the disciplinary proceedings nor the suit resulting in the award subject of this suit.
26. The 1st Respondent submits that the Claimant is inviting this Court to reopen the judgment rendered in Nakuru ELRC No. 161 of 2013, when the Court is already functus officio on the matter. It placed reliance in Geoffrey M. Asanyo & 3 Others v. Attorney General (2020) eKLR to support this position, and invites the court to find that it is not contractually bound to settle the decretal sum herein.
27. The 1st Respondent prays that the Claimant’s claim be dismissed with costs.
Analysis and Determination
28. I have considered the pleadings herein, the witnesses’ oral testimonies and the rival submissions. The singular issue for determination is whether the Respondents are bound to settle the decretal sum of Kshs. 1,093,029.34/- awarded in Nakuru Industrial Cause No. 161 of 2013, together with the accruing interests and costs.
29. It is not disputed that the Claimant was an employee of the Rift Valley Railways (RVR). It is equally agreed that the issues subject of his dismissal arose while in the service of the RVR, was taken through disciplinary process by the RVR, terminated and was party to Nakuru ELRC No. 161 of 2013 with the RVR and not the 1st Respondent.
30. The record confirms that there was indeed a concession agreement entered between the 1st Respondent and the Rift Valley Railways.
31. The provisions of the concession agreement relevant to this claim are clauses D2, M.9(10), which state thus:
“D2 Maintaining Concessionaire Employees
Other than arrangements to share the cost of retrenchment packages of transferred employees in certain circumstances stipulated in Section D.4.2 the concessionaire shall be fully responsible for paying the emoluments of all employees and for expenses associated therewith and KRC shall not incur any liability for any such employee related payment or occurrence.”
M.9 Expiry Date
On the expiry date the transfer and/or disposal of property, contracts and obligations, debts and responsibility of KRC and the concessionaire shall be as follows: -
(f) employee contracts entered into by the concessionaire shall be the responsibility of the concessionaire.”
32. The Concession Agreement referred to herein, was terminated on 21st July 2017. The judgment and subsequent decree subject of this suit was pronounced on 23rd May, 2014, and the appeal filed by RVR against the judgment, was dismissed for non-attendance on 1st November, 2017.
33. The 1st Respondent objection to settling the decretal sum is premised on the assertion that the judgment was delivered in 2014, and which judgment expressly indicated that RVR was to pay the amount of the decree by 1st July, 2014. The 1st Respondent further opposed the claim on the premise that all liabilities were a responsibility of the RVR/Concessionaire.
34. There can certainly not be a wrong without a remedy. The Claimant holds a decree in his favour, and which I believe someone somewhere must be held responsible to make good. The Attorney General, though enjoined as a party to this suit, failed, neglected and/or declined to defend the suit on behalf of the Government of Kenya.
35. The same office must have been at the center of the dissolution of the RVR which was a public entity. For this reason, the participation of the Attorney General in the suit, would have assisted this court unravel where to place such liability when parties by design had resolved to take it away from the successor of the RVR, and not providing for how or where such debts/liabilities should lie.
36. There is no indication that the judgment/decree herein, was stayed during the pendency of the appeal before the Court of Appeal. It thus follows that the amount of the decree was a liability available for settlement even during the life of the concession agreement.
37. Further, the 1st Respondent has not led any evidence to show that it issued notice to creditors of the RVR before the termination of the Concession agreement, and nor was the concession agreement published for the information of persons affected or claiming as against the RVR.
38. In the premise, I find and hold that the 1st and 2nd Respondents are jointly and severally liable to settle the decree in Nakuru Industrial Cause No. 161 of 2013.
39. The Respondents shall likewise jointly and severally bear the costs of this suit.
40. Judgment of the court.
SIGNED, DATED AND DELIVERED BY VIDEO-LINK AND IN COURT AT KISUMU THIS 27TH DAY OF JULY, 2023.
C. N. BAARI
JUDGE
Appearance:
Mr. Omondi T present for the Claimant
Ms. Moraa Present for the 1st Respondent
N/A for the 2nd Respondent
Christine Omollo- C/A